Electromagnet for momentarily releasable locking devices with electric locking of the releasing means



K. F. KAPPES. ELECTRGMAGNET FOR MOMENTARILY RELEASABLE LOCKINGDEVICES WITH ELECTRIC LOCKING OF THE RELEASING MEANS. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 8. 1920.

EAQLQEL Patefied July 4:, 1922.

KARL FRIEDRICH KAIPIPES, OF MANNHEIM, GERMANY, ASSIGNOB,

LUFTFAHB-ZEUG-IBAU SCHU'ITE-LANZ,

PTNT rates.

'ro THE FIRM or MANNHEIM-RHEINAU, GERMANY.

ELECTROMAGNET FOB MOMENTARILY RELEASABLE LOCKING DEVICES WITH ELEC- TRIO LOCKING" OF THE RELEASING MEANS Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J uly i, 1922.

Application filed October 8, 1920. Serial No. 415,845.

To all 2071001 it may concern:

Be it known that I, KARL FRIEDRICH Karrns, a citizen of the German Republic, and resident of Mannheim, Germany, have invented a new and useful Electromagnet for Momentarily Releasable Locking Devices with Electric Locking of the Releasing- Means, of which the following is a specifier tion.

Releasing locking-devices of such a kind as is employed in connection with the anchoring cable-hooks of air-ships, with lifts, hoisting-apparatus, and the like, is generally effected by the armature of an electro-magnet, which either is constructed to form itself a. locking-member or actuates such a one.

With such devices stress is laid upon the point that the release is momentarily effected, but under no circumstances earlier than desired. The constructions that have become known up to now do not, however, satisfy concerning their reliabality of action because they are liable to be actuated spontaneously and prematurely by shocks, oscillations, and other unintentional influences. The causes for such an occurrence reside chiefly in the fact, that in consideration of the automatic stopping by the load suspended from the hook the gliding-off surfaces at the locking-member and at the intermediate member must be shaped in a manner that is technically unfavorable in so far as in the case of mechanical shocks or oscillations or the like the locking-member is gradually forced away whereby the release may be elfected even if the electro magnet is not excited. The before mentioned unfavorable shape and the inclination of the gliding-oil surfaces at the lockingmembers is, however, from similar reasons (size of battery; sectional area of conductors; space-conditions) necessitated by the circumstance that to effect the release only weak magnetic powers are at disposal.

The before mentioned drawbacks are overcome by my invention, the gist of which resides in providing a second armature by which the armature of the electro-magnet eflecting the release is locked.

In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters denote similar parts throughout the several views, and in which:

Figure 1. is a diagrammatical representation of a momentarily releasable locking device constructed according to my invention;

Figure 2 shows the same parts in another position; Figure 3 shows another form of. execution of the invention;

Figure l shows a perspective representation of a form of execution similar to that of Figure 3; i

Figure 5 is a front view of the form of execution shown in Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a perspective representation of a fourth form of construction; and

Figure 7 is a representation similar to Figure 5 showing still another modification.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the normal position of the parts is that of Figure l. The load 9 is suspended from the hook of the double-armed lever f. the other arm of which is locked by the hooked end of one arm of the double-armed armature (Z. 0 is the fulcrum of the hook-lever 7, and Z is the fulcrum of the armature (Z. The other arm or end of this armature is in its turn locked by the hooked end of one arm of another double-armed armature 0. Each armature is connected with a tension-spring which tends to hold the hooks of the armaturcs in locking position. v

Releasing the loaded lever f proceeds as follows:

lVhen exciting the; electromagnet a by closing the circuit of the battery 7) by means of one cut-out c (Fig. 2). first the armature e is attracted, because the armature (Z is locked by the hook of said first-mentioned other armature. Only after'the armature c has been attracted. can the armature (Z be attracted, releasing then the lever f, as well as the load (7 (Figure 2).

Referring to Figure 3, the hook-lever f is provided with a transverse arm m n co-operating with the two armature-levers (Z and e. The upper end of each of these levers forms a hook. The hook of the armature-lever (Z locks the arm m of the transverse m n; the hook of the armature-lever e locks the arm n. The electro-magnet a is arranged between the other arms, or armatures proper, of the levers (Z and c, the arma ture-leverl1ooks and the ends of the transverse arm are held in contact with each other by a helix-spring connectin the hooked lever-arms with each other, as s own,

If the circuit of the electro-magnet is closed by closing the out-out 0, the magnet is eX QiteCl by meanstr the battery b and the armatures are attractedsothat' the'transverse-arm m a is released which entails in its turn releaseof the load g.

In the form of construction shown in Figures 4 and 5, the load-lever j is one-armed and the arms m and'n form a fork which joins the lever f at the fulcrum 0. This combination of parts is, practically, a three-armed lever (f m n), and the ends of the leverarms m n co-operate with the lower ends of the armatures d and e. The arms m n are looked as long as the armatures are kept off the magnet-poles by the helix-spring but if the magnet is excited and the armatures are attracted they release the arms m and nso that also the load 9 is released as will be clear without further details.

Referring to Figure 6 the load-lever f is again doubled-armed and is locked by a hook 2 provided at a cross-arm connecting two C-shaped double-armed levers m m and; Tt a supported at w. The free ends of the lever-arms m? and a co-operate with the armatures hi and e in just the same manner as, desc'ribedwith respect to Figures {l "and 5. The free ends of the lever-arms m and-11?, however, co-operate with lugs a and 1; provided at the upper ends of'the armatures (Z ande, above their fulcrums. These arm-ends (of m and a terminate shortly above said liigs (u and a).

If the magnet is excited, the attracted armatures release first the arms on and of, but this isnot" sufficient to release also the load-lever Only when the lugs u and e have struck against the arms m? and n and have slightly lifted these arms, or turned thewhole system (m m n a") respectively, the little hook 2 is drawn off the lever i when also the load 9 canan'd' will be released.

Figure 7. is, practically, a combination of Figures 4- and 6-, The load-lever f terminates into a fork m a. The C-shaped levers m m 1? 41 instead of having'a' common fulcrum ('as 10, Figure 6) have each a fillcrum of its own, and instead of' acommon releasing-projection (as 2- Figure 6) the arm m has a projection 2 and the arm' m has 'a projection 2 These two projections oooperate with the fork-arms m and n Another difference resides in this that the arms m and a cross each other, the arm m extending to the armature e and co o perat ing with it, and the arm n extending to the armature (I and co-operating with it. The manner of action itself is, practically, the same as described with} respect to Figure 6. First the arms m a are released, then the arms m n are lifted so as to draw the projections 2 2 off the fork-arms m n.

Having now described my invention what I desire to secure by a patent of the Tlnited States is: i

1. An electric releasing-device, comprising, in combination, an electromagnet; means for exciting it; two armatures'adapted to be attracted by said electromagnet; locking-means at said armature; a loaded lever; two arms located between this lever and said armatures and being adapted to be operated by them at the same time, substantially-and for the purpose as described.

2; Airelectric releasing-device, comprising, in combination, an electromagnet; means for exciting it; two armatures adapted to be attracted by said electromagnet; locking-means at said arn'iature; a loaded lever; two curved arms arranged between this lever and said armatures and being adapted to transmit the locking action and the 'releasing'action from the said; electro magnet tosaid'loaded lever, substantially and for the purpose as described; An electric'releasing device, compris ing, in combination, anf electromagnet; means for exciting it; ar-matures adapted to be attracted by'said electro-magnet; locking-means at said armatures; a loaded lever; two (QlllVGCliZti'liiS arranged'between' this lever and said arn'iatures and being adapted to transmit the looking action and the releasing action from the said electro magnet' to said loaded lever lugs'at the said armatures adapted to lift one endof each of said arms; and locking+-and releasing-means provided at thefothe'r part of each arm substantially and for the purpose asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

KARL FRIEDRICH KAPPES.

'- lVitn-esses;

H RY NOBL FRITZ GENTBEKE. 

